Procedures
General
Procedures shall be implemented to regularly review records of information system activity, such as audit logs, access reports, and security incident tracking reports.
The type and frequency of auditing mechanisms to be implemented shall be based on the following factors:
Confidentiality of the information;
The importance of the Availability of the Information System;
Connectivity with other systems and the resulting degree of risk;
Findings from the audit process.
Proactive audits are to be performed periodically with the intent of sampling the data to identify possible inappropriate use or activity.
Incident based audits shall be performed when identified events trigger the need for an audit.
Auditable Events
Hardware, software, and/or procedural mechanisms should be implemented that record and examine activity in information systems that contain or use ePHI.
Audits should be established and conducted for system level events and for application level events. Procedures should be implemented for monitoring log-in attempts and reporting discrepancies.
As appropriate, auditable events should include:
Access or modification of ePHI and other Sensitive information; Successful and failed authentication attempts;
Use of audit software programs or utilities;
Information System start-up or shutdown;
Use of privileged accounts, such as system administrators;
Security incidents.
Content of Audit Records
When feasible, Information System activity auditing mechanisms should generate the following information:
Date and time of activity;
Description of attempted or completed activity;
Identification of user performing activity;
Origin of activity, such as IP address or workstation ID.
Audit logs should be configured to capture and retain sufficient history to meet regulatory requirements and security objectives.